Allergies and Hayfever

Allergies are caused when a foreign object somehow enters the body. It could be either as a sting piercing the skin or an allergen entering through the mouth or nose. The bodies normal response is to react by alerting and activating cells in the body called mast cells. The mast cells in the body produce what is called histamine. The histamine goes about fighting the allergen and in the process produces symptoms such as sneezing, watery eyes, rashes or sometimes more complicated reaction such as shortness of breath all as a result of the allergen.  When mast cells detect a substance that triggers an allergic reaction (an allergen), they release histamine and other chemicals into the bloodstream. Histamine makes the blood vessels expand and the surrounding skin itchy and swollen. It can also create a build-up of mucus in the airways, which become narrower. Antihistamines are medication which as the word implies working against the mast cells release of histamine. After the administration of antihistamines, histamine release is blocked and the symptoms that you usually see from an allergy are reversed.

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